Gemology is the scientific study of gems and precious stones, both natural and synthetic. Gemologists, many of whom have undergone academic training, are qualified to identify and evaluate gems. The knowledge of gems, as well as the methods of their extraction, exploration, and mining, has been of great interest to humans since ancient times due to their value, beauty, rarity, and other precious properties. Among the scientists who have left valuable sources of information and books on ancient archaeology and mining, Avicenna and Rhazes can be mentioned, all of which indicate the importance that our ancestors attached to this science.

Today, the global economy and trade are heavily dependent on this science. Despite having valuable resources such as turquoise, sapphire, agate, onyx, and others, our country needs special attention and a comprehensive scientific and fundamental understanding, both in terms of basic education and research and exploration, as well as economic and trade aspects of gemology and various gems.